What was the primary focus of civil rights movements in the 1960s?

The primary focus of civil rights movements in the 1960s was advocating for racial equality. This era witnessed significant activism to dismantle segregation and combat systemic racism, particularly in the United States. Organizations such as the NAACP, SNCC, and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) were instrumental in mobilizing people to fight against discriminatory practices and laws that enforced racial inequality, such as Jim Crow laws in the South.

The civil rights movement sought to secure equal rights for African Americans, which included the right to vote, access to public facilities, and fair treatment in various aspects of life. Key events, like the March on Washington in 1963, where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech, exemplified the movement’s core goals of achieving justice and equality. This focus on racial equality led to significant legislative achievements, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which aimed to end discrimination and protect voting rights.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the central issues addressed during the civil rights movement. While promoting economic growth, expanding military presence, and establishing immigration laws were relevant topics during the 1960s, they were not